DOCS

Urban/Rural

GIAS

Last refreshed 30 January 2026 16:42
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Urban/Rural

GIAS

Urban or rural classification of school location

Understanding Urban/Rural Classification

This field classifies schools by their geographic setting — urban, suburban, or rural. The setting affects many aspects of school life and is important context for interpreting other data.

Classification Types

Schools may be classified as: - Urban: City centres and dense urban areas - Suburban: Town edges and residential areas - Rural: Countryside, villages, small towns

Why Setting Matters

Urban schools often: - Have larger intakes and more choice nearby - Serve diverse, mobile populations - Face different challenges (e.g., gang concerns, poverty) - May have better transport links

Rural schools often: - Serve as community hubs - Have smaller cohorts - Face recruitment challenges for staff - Have limited local alternatives

Context for Comparisons

Rural and urban schools face different challenges, so direct comparison requires care. A small rural school shouldn’t be judged against large urban comprehensives without context.

Consider urban/rural classification when comparing schools — like-for-like comparisons are most meaningful.

Technical Details

Column Name
urban_rural
Data Source
GIAS

Coverage by School Phase

How many schools have data available for this field.

Primary
100% 17910 / 17910
Secondary
100% 1263 / 1263
Secondary with Sixth Form
100% 2033 / 2033
Sixth Form Only
100% 289 / 289
All-through
100% 269 / 269
Special
100% 2059 / 2059
Independent
100% 1724 / 1724
Good (80%+)
Moderate (50-79%)
Poor (<50%)

This field does not contribute to the performance score calculation.

Value Distribution by School Phase

Distribution of categorical values across schools.

Primary (17910 schools, 17 values)

Urban: Nearer to a major town or city
11,290 63.0%
Smaller rural: Nearer to a major town or city
1,844 10.3%
Larger rural: Nearer to a major town or city
1,231 6.9%
Smaller rural: Further from a major town or city
1,134 6.3%
Urban: Further from a major town or city
865 4.8%
Larger rural: Further from a major town or city
536 3.0%
(England/Wales) Urban city and town
379 2.1%
(England/Wales) Urban major conurbation
294 1.6%
(England/Wales) Rural village
157 0.9%
(England/Wales) Rural town and fringe
85 0.5%
(England/Wales) Rural hamlet and isolated dwellings
43 0.2%
(England/Wales) Urban minor conurbation
21 0.1%
12 0.1%
(England/Wales) Rural village in a sparse setting
8 0.0%
(England/Wales) Rural hamlet and isolated dwellings in a sparse setting
6 0.0%
(England/Wales) Rural town and fringe in a sparse setting
4 0.0%
(England/Wales) Urban city and town in a sparse setting
1 0.0%

Secondary (1263 schools, 11 values)

Urban: Nearer to a major town or city
942 74.6%
Larger rural: Nearer to a major town or city
87 6.9%
Urban: Further from a major town or city
71 5.6%
Larger rural: Further from a major town or city
61 4.8%
Smaller rural: Nearer to a major town or city
27 2.1%
(England/Wales) Urban city and town
25 2.0%
Smaller rural: Further from a major town or city
22 1.7%
(England/Wales) Urban major conurbation
20 1.6%
(England/Wales) Rural town and fringe
6 0.5%
(England/Wales) Rural village
1 0.1%
(England/Wales) Urban city and town in a sparse setting
1 0.1%

Secondary with Sixth Form (2033 schools, 12 values)

Urban: Nearer to a major town or city
1,632 80.3%
Urban: Further from a major town or city
154 7.6%
Larger rural: Nearer to a major town or city
100 4.9%
Larger rural: Further from a major town or city
42 2.1%
Smaller rural: Nearer to a major town or city
36 1.8%
(England/Wales) Urban city and town
24 1.2%
Smaller rural: Further from a major town or city
24 1.2%
(England/Wales) Urban major conurbation
16 0.8%
2 0.1%
(England/Wales) Rural hamlet and isolated dwellings in a sparse setting
1 0.0%
(England/Wales) Urban minor conurbation
1 0.0%
(England/Wales) Rural hamlet and isolated dwellings
1 0.0%

Sixth Form Only (289 schools, 10 values)

Urban: Nearer to a major town or city
236 81.7%
Urban: Further from a major town or city
28 9.7%
Smaller rural: Nearer to a major town or city
8 2.8%
(England/Wales) Urban city and town
5 1.7%
5 1.7%
Larger rural: Nearer to a major town or city
3 1.0%
(England/Wales) Urban major conurbation
1 0.3%
Smaller rural: Further from a major town or city
1 0.3%
(England/Wales) Rural village
1 0.3%
Larger rural: Further from a major town or city
1 0.3%

All-through (269 schools, 9 values)

Urban: Nearer to a major town or city
199 74.0%
Larger rural: Nearer to a major town or city
18 6.7%
Smaller rural: Nearer to a major town or city
16 5.9%
Urban: Further from a major town or city
15 5.6%
Larger rural: Further from a major town or city
8 3.0%
Smaller rural: Further from a major town or city
7 2.6%
(England/Wales) Urban city and town
3 1.1%
(England/Wales) Urban major conurbation
2 0.7%
(England/Wales) Rural town and fringe
1 0.4%

Special (2059 schools, 14 values)

Urban: Nearer to a major town or city
1,424 69.2%
Smaller rural: Nearer to a major town or city
226 11.0%
Urban: Further from a major town or city
138 6.7%
Smaller rural: Further from a major town or city
99 4.8%
Larger rural: Nearer to a major town or city
68 3.3%
(England/Wales) Urban city and town
32 1.6%
Larger rural: Further from a major town or city
28 1.4%
(England/Wales) Urban major conurbation
23 1.1%
(England/Wales) Urban minor conurbation
5 0.2%
(England/Wales) Rural town and fringe
5 0.2%
(England/Wales) Rural village
4 0.2%
4 0.2%
(England/Wales) Rural hamlet and isolated dwellings
2 0.1%
(England/Wales) Rural town and fringe in a sparse setting
1 0.0%

Independent (1724 schools, 12 values)

Urban: Nearer to a major town or city
1,271 73.7%
Smaller rural: Nearer to a major town or city
199 11.5%
Smaller rural: Further from a major town or city
75 4.4%
Urban: Further from a major town or city
67 3.9%
Larger rural: Nearer to a major town or city
35 2.0%
(England/Wales) Urban major conurbation
31 1.8%
Larger rural: Further from a major town or city
18 1.0%
(England/Wales) Urban city and town
16 0.9%
(England/Wales) Rural hamlet and isolated dwellings
5 0.3%
(England/Wales) Rural village
3 0.2%
(England/Wales) Rural town and fringe
2 0.1%
(England/Wales) Urban minor conurbation
2 0.1%